Coin (reverse), Denarius, of Augustus

This silver coin was minted in Spain by the emperor Augustus around 19 BC. It is a type called a denarius, the most common Roman silver coin. This picture shows the reverse of the coin.

The reverse depicts an oak wreath, its ties bent upwards, with the legend 'OB / CIVIS / SERVATOS' ('for saving the citizens') within the wreath. This refers to an oak wreath bearing this theme, granted to Augustus by the Senate. He used this symbol throughout his reign, emphasising the increase in public security after the turmoil of the civil wars.

After Caesar's death in 44 BC, over a decade of civil war ensued. Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, emerged victor in 31 BC. A new constitutional form of government was agreed with the Senate, and Octavian assumed the title Augustus in 27 BC. Over his long reign, he expanded the frontiers, and rebuilt many of Rome's institutions, moving the government from a republic to an empire.

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